Loose-leaf binder.



No. 800,432. PATENTED SEPT. 26, 1905. P. A. EFTOFIE. LOOSE LEAP BINDER.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 14,1904.

UNITED STATES PREDA A. EFTOFIE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

LOOSE-LEAF BINDER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 26. 1 905.

Application filed October 14,1904. Serial No. 228,421.

To all 1072 0112 it may concern:

Be it known that l, PREDA A. EFTOEIE, a subject of the King of Roumania,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Loose-Leaf Binders, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in that class of binders employedfor holding together in a compact and book-like form a number of looseleaves or sheets; and it consists in certain peculiarities of theconstruction, novel arrangement, and operation of the various partsthereof, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth and specificallyclaimed.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a binder of theabove-named character which shall be simple and inexpensive inconstruction, strong and durable, and so made that the leaves may bequickly secured in place therein or readily removed therefrom.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the device that theback thereof will be held closely and firmly to the back edges of theleaves and on one side thereof near their rear portions and will permitof the movement of the cover, so as to open the device like a bookwithout exposing the rear edges of the leaves.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be disclosed in thesulojoined description and explanation.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my inventionpertains to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe it,referring to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is aperspective view of a binder embodying my invention, showing the coversthereof closed and a number of leaves in their bound positions. Fig. 2is a perspective view of the blank out of which the back of the binderis formed. Fig. 3 is afragmental perspective view of a portion of theback of the binder, showing it by full lines in its completed form andby dotted lines before'the blank is bent. Fig. I is a fragmentalperspective view, partly in section, of the binder, showing one of thecovers thereof raised. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken online 5 5 of Fig. 4 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows andshowing one of the fasteners for holding the leaves in position. Fig. 6is a fragmental view of the rear portion of one of the leaves, and Fig.7 is a detached view of one of the washers or retaining-plates used inconnection with the fasteners.

Like numerals of reference refer to corresponding parts throughout thedifferent views of the drawings.

The reference-numerals l0 and 11 represent the covers of the binder,each of which comprises a board 12, covered on each of its sides with asheet 13, of cloth, leather, or other suitable material, which sheetsconnect the boards 12 together at their back or adjacent edges, yet at asufficient distance apart to permit of the insertion of the back of thebinder between the inner and outer sheets 13 and between the adjacentedges thereof, as is clearly shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. The backis formed out of a flat piece of metal 14, which is bent longitudinallyat about its middle to form two sides 15 and 16 of a rectangle, thelower side or flange 16 being provided near each of its ends with anopening 17 for the reception of fasteners for the loose leaves or sheetsto be bound. The lower or outer surface of the side 16 of the back haslocated thereon a piece of cardboard 18, which is interposed betweensaid side and the outer sheet 13 of the covers. This piece 18 isemployed to reinforce the side 16, as well as to form aslightly-yielding seat for each of the heads 19 of the fasteners whichhold the sheets or leaves 20 in position. The fasteners are formed oftwo pieces 21 of ductile metal, and said pieces are normally locatedparallel and in juxtaposition with one another and have at one of theirends a head 19, as is clearly shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings.

The rear portion of each of the leaves 20 to be bound is preferablyprovided with a reinforcing-strip 22 of any suitable material, each ofwhich strips have openings 23 to register with the openings 17 in one ofthe sides of the back of the binder.

By placing the binder so that its parts will assume the positions shownin Fig. ei of the drawings it is apparent that the side 15 of the backwill occupy a vertical position, while the side 16 thereof will occupy ahorizontal position. By placing the leaves 20 on the cover 11 and side16 of the back, so that the openings 23 in the reinforcing-strips 22will register with the openings 17, it is evident that the parallelpieces 21 of the fasteners may be passed through said openings until theheads 19 of the fasteners rest on the outer surface of the side 16 andreinforcing-strip 18, after which the free ends of the pieces 21 may bebent down, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings, so as to firmlyhold the leaves 20 in position. In order to more securely fasten theleaves 20, a washer 25, having an opening 24: for the reception of thepieces 21 of the fastener, may be employed to rest between thereinforcing-strip 22 on the outer sheet 20 and the laterally-bent endsof each fastener.

By employing the above construction it is obvious that the covers 10 and11 are hinged at the longitudinal edges of the back of the binder, sothat the backiedges of the leaves 20 will rest against one of the sidesof the back and will not be disclosed or exposed when the covers areraised or opened.

tween said sheets, the said back having openings in one of its sides, areinforcing-piece located on the outer surface of the apertured side ofthe back and having openings to register with its openings, a fastenercomprising two parallel pieces extending through said openings andhaving a head on one of their ends and their other ends adapted to bebent laterally, substantially as described.

FREDA A. EFTOFlE.

Witnesses:

CHAS. O. TILLMAN, A. GUsTAFsoN.

